Poverty and Inequality
Poverty is typically measured either in absolute terms, comparing income against a fixed threshold needed to meet basic needs, like an international poverty line, or in relative terms, comparing income against the typical income within a specific country, since what counts as poor can differ a great deal between a low-income and a high-income country. Inequality measures how unevenly income or wealth is distributed across a population, a genuinely separate question from poverty: a country can reduce poverty while inequality stays the same or even rises, if incomes at every level are rising but the highest incomes are rising fastest.
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