How Humans Alter Earth's Cycles
Human activities have significantly changed the natural pace of Earth's biogeochemical cycles: burning fossil fuels adds carbon to the atmosphere far faster than natural processes remove it, and industrial nitrogen fertilizer production has roughly doubled the total amount of usable nitrogen entering ecosystems worldwide compared to natural nitrogen fixation alone. These changes ripple outward. For example, fertilizer runoff can trigger harmful algae blooms in lakes and coastal waters far from where it was applied.
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