Ocean tides and the Sun-Earth-Moon system
Tides come mainly from the Moon's gravity, which pulls harder on the side of Earth nearest it than on Earth's center, and harder on Earth's center than on the far side. This difference stretches the oceans into two bulges, one facing the Moon and one on the opposite side, so as Earth rotates, most coastlines get two high tides and two low tides about every 24 hours and 50 minutes. The Sun causes tides too, a bit less than half as strong as the Moon's. When the Sun, Earth, and Moon line up at new and full moon, their effects add to produce spring tides, with the biggest difference between high and low tide. When the Sun and Moon are at right angles to each other, at first and third quarter, their effects partly cancel, producing neap tides with the smallest tidal range.
This explanation is AI-generated and can occasionally be wrong.
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