The four laws of thermodynamics in everyday life
Four laws describe how energy behaves. The zeroth law says that two objects each in thermal equilibrium with a third are in equilibrium with each other, which is why a thermometer works: it comes to the same temperature as whatever it touches. The first law says energy is conserved: it can change form or move, but is never created or destroyed, so the chemical energy released by burning fuel equals the heat and work it produces. The second law says the total entropy, a measure of energy dispersal or disorder, of an isolated system tends to increase, which is why heat flows on its own from hot to cold and why no engine can turn heat entirely into work. The third law says the entropy of a perfect crystal approaches zero as its temperature approaches absolute zero, a temperature that can never actually be reached.
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